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COLPO DI FRUSTA
| Posted on January 10, 2016 at 2:54 PM |
COLPO DI FRUSTA
Con il termine "colpo di frusta" indicato in inglese con "whip lash" si intende il trauma del tratto cervicale avvenuto in seguito ad un movimento brusco e inaspettato. E' tipico degli incidenti stradali con la classica dinamica del tamponamento in cui si ha una brusca accelerazione/decelerazione tra cranio e colonna cervicale in cui l' inerzia corporea non ha il tempo per smaltire la carica di energia cinetica trasmessa.  Nel colpo di frusta per quanto sia coinvolta la scatola cranica e quindi il suo prezioso contenuto, non si ha perdita di conoscenza, cosa che invece succede nelle sindromi postcommozionali. E' pertanto importante nell'anamnesi chiarire se vi è stata o meno perdita di conoscenza anche "momentanea" perche in il trattamento sarebbe totalmente diverso. Come detto la causa principale di questa distorsione de rachide cervicale sono gli incidenti stradali, ma non sono gli unici traumi a determinarlo;possono causare un colpo di frusta incidenti sportivi (boxe,karate sport da contatto),cadute all'indietro sul bacino ed aggressioni fisiche a livello del volto(pugno,scossoni). I sintomi che possono comparire nelle prime ore del trauma sono: rigidità, dolore, nausea, mal di testa, vertigini, affuscamento della vista e ronzii alle orecchie. La diagnosi viene fatta escudendo lesioni osseee quali fratture e lussazioni attraverso RX,Tac o attraverso la RMN per escludere lesioni a livello dei tessuti molli. Il trattamento in fase acuta prevede la somministrazione di antiinfiammatori, antidolorifici e morilassanti in cui si consiglia di indossare un collare per evitare sollecitazioni a carico del distretto cervicale che andrebbero ad amplificare la sindrome dolorosa.  Superata la fase acuta, durante la quale abbiamo protetto la regione cervicale con l'immobilizzazione, si inizia la mobilizzazione del rachide cervicale compatibilmente col dolore percepito dal paziente,associando tecniche miorilassanti proprio di competenza del fisioterapista, associate alla terapia manuale che lo studio fisioterapico "citta Studi" crede fermamente essere la terapia piu' efficace. I tempi di ripresa in media sono di 15-20gg con l'obbiettivo finale di riottenere la motilità pre infortunio e l' assenza di dolore e rigidità. |
Categories: MEDICINA
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